21 species in the family jut merentasi Old World temperate northern region of southeast Europe menghala simple east to Japan, and more widespread in the New World from southeast Canada menghala west to California and south to Argentina. Latin name, Juglans, originating than Jupiter glans, "Jupiter's acorn": as a metaphor, beans properly to god.
Words walnut comes from English Language Lama Wealhhnutu, intends "Bean Alien", wealh mean "foreign" (wealh similar to the term Welsh and Vlach; see * Walha and History of the term Vlach). [1] Walnut held so because he introduced rather than Gaul and Italy. The Latin name for the walnut was nux Gallica, peanut "Gallic".
Species and Classification
Renowned expert in this family is the Persian walnut (J. Regia, intends "Royal Walnut"), originating from the Balkans in southeast Europe, southwest & central Asia to the Himalayas and southwestern China. This species is grown widely to get the beans were tasty. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), garden Shahmirzad in Iran is the largest in the world (700-750 hectares). In Kyrgyzstan there sake only 230.700 hectares of forest fruits, walnuts, dominated by J. regia were substantially higher and form a canopy (Hemery and Popov 1998). In a country whose population does not speak in English, J. Regia is often called as the "English walnut"; in Great Britain, "Ordinary Walnut".
Black walnut (Juglans Nigra) is a regular in his native species in eastern North America, even also planted widely in other places. Nuts can be eaten, but fill holes smaller and have a very hard skin, and not grown overall for spending peanuts. The wood is particularly invaluable.
Principal Butternut (Juglans Cinerea) is also from eastern North America, where he is currently the species threatened by butternut disease, caused by a toadstool Sirococcus Clavigignenti. Leaves are 40-60 cm long, oblong-shaped fruit, the skin has a high ridge and fill holes very high in fat.
Black Walnut Hinds (Juglans Hindsii) originating from northern California, where it is widely used commercially for breeding staple J. Regia. Black walnut skin Hinds has no groove in such a characteristic black walnut.
Japanese walnut (Juglans Ailantifolia) similar to walnut Butternut, distinguished by the larger leaves and nuts along the 90 cm round (not square). Cordiformis diversity, often called a heart-shaped nuts; unusual name is the source of the name keratan Cardiocaryon.
Planting and usability
Two of the main commercial species are Juglans Regia for timber and nuts, and Juglans Nigra for timber. Both species have the same planting purposes and is grown on a large scale in a simple temperate zone.
Walnut very similar species that need light that benefit from protection from wind. Walnut is also highly resistant restless during drought.
Planting walnuts interlude in the fields with basic nitrogen fixation as Elaeagnus × ebbingei or Elaeagnus umbellata, and various species of alder an increase of 30% of the height and the principal winding (Hemery 2001).
For the principal to get the peanut plant, needs to be emphasized during the thoroughness chose the subject corresponding to the destination, although half of principal subsidiary marketed as "fertile own" he generally will bear fruit better with a partner differing flowery. There are various basic child available for growers, offering differing growth habit, flowering and leafy, fill holesflavor and thickness of the skin. One important property for peanuts North America and Europe with the latitude which leads to the north is phenology, with 'through the red' particularly important to circumvent the damage due to temperatures below freezing during the spring takat. Half of principal subsidiary bred for production systems approach 'fence', a system that was awoken in Europe and not commensurate with the more traditional garden system.
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