Coffee

I. INTRODUCTION
Coffee Plant is a plant that is very familiar in the yards of rural population in Indonesia. If the potential of this powerful we can use commodity is not hard to make this a mainstay in the plantation sector. Just need a little touch of the technical cultivation
right, surely we are optimistic expectations into reality.

PT. Natural Nusantara trying to realize the hope along with a package of technical guidance and products without forgetting the aspect of K-3 is the quantity, quality and sustainability that has become one of the conditions of competition in the era of globalization.

II. LAND PREPARATION
- For the mountainous land / tilt for terrace.
- Reduce / add a fast growing shade trees approximately 1:4 to 1: 8 of the number of coffee plants.
- Prepare the manure as much as 25-50 kg cooked, spread the Natural GLIO, let stand one week and make the planting holes 60 x 60, or 75 x 75 cm with a spacing of 2.5 x2, 5 to 2.75 x 2.75 m at least 2 months before planting

III. SEEDLINGS
- Prepare a quality seeds from trees that have been known production of breeder seed is usually reliable.
- Create a box or bumbunan soil for seeding with a thick layer of sand about 5 cm.
- Create a shield with a midrib or paranet with a gradual reduction if the seedlings have grown
- Flush nurseries with the routine by looking at soil wetness
- Seeds will germinate more or less a month, select the seeds are healthy and do transfer to polybags with hati2 so roots are not broken in seeds 2 -3 months of age since the beginning of breeding
- Add NPK fertilizer as basal fertilizer (see table) until the age of 12 months
- Pour SUPERNASA dose of 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water, take 250 ml per tree of the solution
- After the seedling age of 4 months 2 cap NASA POC spray per tank once a month until the age of 7-9 months and seedlings ready for planting

Fertilizer Dose Table for Coffee Seedlings

Age (months)

gr/m2
Urea

SP-36

KCl
3

10

5

5
5

20

10

10
7

30

15

15
9

40

20

20
12

50

25

25

Note: The type and dose of fertilizer could be as recommended by the local agricultural bureau. Note the soil moisture so that seeds are not affected by leaf rust attack.

IV. PLANTING
- Enter the manure with a mixture of top soil when planting seeds.
- Try planting time already entered the rainy season.
- Perform watering the soil after planting
- Avoid the risk of death of new crops from livestock disturbance.

V. Stitching
- Perform stitching immediately if the plant dies or symptoms of abnormal growth.
- Stitching done early rainy season

VI. Sprinkling
Do watering when the soil is dry or drought

VII. Fertilization
- Fertilization of NPK is given twice a year, the beginning and end of the rainy season.
- After the fertilizer should be watered.

The type and dose of fertilizer Macro corresponding table.

Year

gr / tree / year
Urea

SP-36

KCl
1
2 x 25 2 x 25 2 x 20
2
2 x 50 2 x 50 2 x 40
3
2 x 75 2 x 70 2 x 40
4
2 x 100 2 x 90 2 x 40
50-10
2 x 150 2 x 130 2 x 60
> 10
2 x 200 2 x 175 2 x 80

Note: The type and dose of fertilizer according to soil type or recommendations pertaniam local services

How to fertilization made a small hole around the plant as far as ¾ of the width of the canopy, ground manure entered and closed.
It would be better plus organic fertilizer SUPERNASA dose of 1 bottle to ± 200 plants. 1 bottle SUPERNASA diluted in 2-liter (2000 ml) of water used as mother liquor. Then every 1 liter of water was given 10 ml of mother liquor was for watering each tree or flush or kocorkan SUPERNASA 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water every 3-6 months.
NASA POC spray cap 3-4 + 1-2 HORMONIK cap per tank every 1 month

VIII. Pruning
Perform regular pruning after the end of the harvest (severe pruning) to regulate the shape of growth, reduce branch shoots (wiwilan), aims to reduce evaporation and to form flowers, and the repair of damaged plant parts.
Pruning at the beginning or end of the rainy season after fertilization

IX. PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL

A. H A M A
1. Powdered coffee fruit (Stephanoderes hampei) attacks on fruit storage or while still in the garden. Prevention with BVR PESTONA or alternately
2. Branch borer brown and black (Cylobarus morigerus and Compactus) attacked twigs and branches. Prevention with PESTONA.
3. Fleas dompolan (Pseudococcus citri) attack flower buds, young fruit, twigs and young leaves, preventing use PESTONA, BVR or pentane. + AERO 810 alternately

B. DISEASE
1. Leaf rust disease caused by Hemileia vastatrix, preventive spray Natural GLIO
2. The fungus disease caused by Corticium salmonicolor Upas: Reduce moisture, scrape and apply preventive stem / twig with Natural GLIO + NASA POC
3. Black root disease causes Rosellina bunodes and R. arcuata. Marked with yellow leaves, wilting, hang and fall. Natural preventive GLIO
4. Brown root disease cause: Fomes lamaoensis or preventive Natural Phellinus lamaoensis GLIO
5. Disease brown spots on leaves by Cercospora cafeicola Berk et Cooke prevention with Natural GLIO
6. Died of disease at the end of Rhizoctonia ranting.Penyebabnya. GLIO Natural Preventative use.

Note: If the control of pests and diseases with natural pesticides have not been overcome, as the last alternative could be to use chemical pesticides are recommended. In order to spray more evenly and not easily lost by rainwater add Adhesives Straighten wetting AERO 810 dose of 0.5 bottles per tank cap

X. P A N E N
Coffee will be in production starting age of 2.5 years if well cared for and the fruit has shown the red color covering most of the plant, and carried out gradually according to the time of fruit maturity.

XI. PROCESSING RESULTS
To be prepared first place for drying, shelling and storage of crops from being damaged due to post-harvest pests. Fruit crops must be processed immediately after picking up to 20 hours to get good results.

Coffee Causes Damage to Rice:
1. Wrinkled seeds: origin of the fruit is still young
2. Bean hole: coffee powder attacked
3. Seeds reddish: Less clean wash
4. Seed rupture: parer less than perfect, is derived from the infected fruit powder, while stripping the coffee machine is too dry.
5. Broken seeds followed by color changes: evaporator and separator machine with seeds less than perfect skin, wet processing of fermentation in less than perfect.
6. Bean mottle: drying is incomplete, too long stored, the storage temperature is too moist.
7. Seed Pale: for too long kept in a humid
8. Seed skinned ari: Drying is not perfect or too long, the artificial drying temperature is too low early.
9. Gray, black beans: the artificial drying temperature is too high.
10. Dark brown spots: the artificial drying, the coffee is not often stirred / inverted.