Soybean

INTRODUCTION
Dependence on imported soybeans is very alarming, because we should be able to own insufficiency. This is due to low productivity and the increasing needs of soybeans. PT. Natural Nusantara trying to be helpful in increasing the production in quantity, quality and environmental sustainability so that we can compete in the free market era.

GROWING CONDITIONS
Plants can grow on various types of soil from the drainage (water system) and aeration (air conditioning) is quite good soil, rainfall 100-400 mm / month, the air temperature is 230C - 300C, humidity 60% - 70%, soil pH 5.8 - 7 and a height of less than 600 m above sea level.

SOIL TREATMENT
- Land plowed, raked and leveled
- The remains of buried weed
- Create a water channel with a distance of about 3-4 m
- Land dikeringanginkan newly planted three weeks
- Pour fertilizer NASA POC that has been mixed with water evenly over the beds with a dose ± 1 bottle (500 cc) NASA POC diluted with enough water for every 1000 m² (10 bottles / ha). Results would be great if you use SUPER NASA, how to use it as follows:
- Alternative 1: 1 bottle SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of mother liquor was to flush the bed.
- Alternative 2: every one yells vol 10 lt given 1 tablespoon SUPER NASA pressed to flush the bed 5-10 meters.

PLANTING
- Soak the seeds in the NASA POC dose of 2 cc / liter for 0.5 hours and mixed Legin (Rhizobium) for land that has not been planted with soybeans
- Create a spacing between tugalan measuring 30 x 20 cm, 25 x 25 cm or 20 x 20 cm
- Make a drill hole as deep as 5 cm and enter the 2-3 seeds per hole
- Cover the seeds with loose soil and without a compacted
- When planting a good end of the rainy season

Spacing & stitching
Soybeans began to grow approximately age 5-6 days, seeds do not grow to be replaced or embroidered with the new seeds that would be better if mixed Legin. Stitching should be the afternoon.

Weeding
Weeding the first 2-3 weeks of age, to-2 when plants finish flowering (about 6 weeks after planting). Weeding to-2 was conducted in conjunction with fertilization to-2.

Pembubunan
Pembubunan done carefully and not too deep so as not to damage the plant roots. Injury to the roots will be the place a dangerous disease.

Fertilization
Examples of the type and dose of fertilizer as follows:

Time
Macro Fertilizer Dose (per ha)

Urea (kg)

SP-36 (kg)

KCl (kg)


2 Weeks After Planting
50
40
20

6 Weeks After Planting
30

20
40

Total
80 kg
60 kg
60 kg



NASA POC given 2 weeks since the 2-week-old plants, by spraying (4-8 cap NASA POC / tank).
Total requirement for maintenance of NASA POC 1-2 bottles per 1000 m2 (10 - 20 bottles / ha). It would be nice if the use of POC NASA added HORMONIK (3-4 cap NASA POC HORMONIK + 1 cap / tank). At the time of flowering plants do not spraying, because it can interfere with pollination, it would be safer if splashed.

Irrigation and watering
Soybeans require moist soil conditions but does not tarnish. These conditions are necessary since the seed is planted until the filling pods. Just before harvest, the soil should be dry.

PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
1. Aphis glycine
Fleas can transmit the virus can SMV (Soyabean mosaic virus). Attacked in the early growth and the growth of flowers and pods. Symptoms: wilting, stunted growth. Control: (1) Do the planting of host plants such as eggplant-terungan, cotton-kapasan or beans, (2) dispose of the plants attacked and burned, (3) use of natural enemies (predators and parasites), (4) Natural Spray BVR or PESTONA done on the lower leaf surface.

2. Tembukur leaf beetle (Phaedonia inclusa)
Smallish, black and yellow striped. Lay eggs on the leaf surface. Symptoms: The larvae and beetles eat the leaves, flowers, buds, young pods, and even whole plants. Control: spraying PESTONA

3. Caterpillars pods (Ettiela zinchenella)
Symptoms: there are small holes on the fruit. When the fruit is still green, the outer pod changes color, in the pods are plump green caterpillars and their droppings. Control: (1) timely planting.

4. Ladybug pods (Riptortis lincearis)
Symptoms: dark patches pod and become hollow.

5. Bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli)
Attacking the new young plants grow. Control: When the seed is planted, the soil given the NASA POC, then after the seed is planted, the soil covered with straw. One week after the seeds into sprouts spraying is done by PESTONA. Spraying was repeated at 1 month old soybeans.

6. Green Ladybug (Nezara viridula)
The morning is above the leaves, when the sun shines down into the pod, pods and eat the spawn. Age ladybug from egg to adult is between 1 and 6 months. Symptoms: peas and dried beans and deflating. Seeds inside pods or mottled brown skin.

7. Grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura)
Symptoms: damage to leaves, caterpillars live in groups, eating leaves, and scatter search for another clump. Control: (1) by way of sanitation, (2) sprayed in the afternoon / evening (when the caterpillars attack the crop) some Natural VITURA.

8. Bacterial wilt disease (Pseudomonas sp.)
Symptoms: sudden wilting when the humidity is too high and the spacing of the meeting. Control: wilt-resistant varieties, sanitation, gardens, and crop rotation.
Control: Providing Natural GLIO

9. Wilt disease (fungus soil: Sclerotium Rolfsii)
The disease attacks plants aged 2-3 weeks, when the air is humid, and the plant is growing short. Symptoms: The leaves gradually wilt, turn yellow. Transmission through the soil and irrigation. Control; planting resistant varieties and scatter at the beginning of Natural GLIO

10. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum glycine)
Symptoms: The leaves and pods of small spots of black, the lowest leaf loss, the young pods are attacked by pests into the old empty and fill pods become stunted. Control: (1) note the exact pattern of rotation cropping, (2) Prevention of early in the Natural GLIO

11.Penyakit rust (fungus Phakospora phachyrizi)
Symptoms: leaf spots and brown spots appear. Control: (1) how to plant soybeans that are resistant to disease, (2) Natural spray GLIO + sugar

12. Stem rot (fungus Phytium Sp)
Symptoms: yellowing stems brown and wet, then rot and die. Control: (1) improve land drainage, (2) Natural Spread GLIO in early

HARVEST AND POST HARVEST
- Perform when most of the leaves have yellowed, but not because of pest or disease, then fall, the fruit begins to change color from green to golden brown and cracked, or pods already looked old, yellow stems slightly brown and bare.
- It should be noted, consumption of soy as an ingredient plucked at the age of 75-100 days, while for seeds aged 100-110 days, in order to seed maturity really perfect and evenly.
- After voting is completed, the entire crop should be dried immediately.
- Beans are dried and then put into sacks and marketed or stored.