Melon

INTRODUCTION
Agribusiness melon show promising prospects. But if the land is increasingly hard factors, poor nutrients, especially micro-nutrients and natural hormones, climatic factors and weather factors, pests and plant diseases as well as maintenance factors not addressed then the profits will decline.
PT. Natural Nusantara trying to help improve the productivity of melon in Quantity, Quality, and Environmental sustainability (Aspects of K-3).

II. GROWTH CONDITIONS
2.1. Climate
Keep in full sun irradiation during growth. At high humidity melon plants vulnerable diseases. Optimum temperature between 25-300C. The wind is blowing hard enough to damage the melon crop. Rain will continue to harm the melon crop. Grow best at an altitude of 300-900 m above sea level.

2.2. Media Plant
Good ground is sandy clay containing large amounts of organic material such as andosol, latosol, regosol, and grumosol, provided that lack of soil properties can be manipulated by liming, the addition of organic materials, and fertilizing. Melon plants do not like the soil is too wet, soil pH of 5.8 to 7.2.

III. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR CULTIVATION
3.1. Nurseries
3.1.1. Making Media Semai
Prepare Natural GLIO: 1-2 packs Natural GLIO mixed with 50-100 kg of manure to land 1000 m2. Next + 1 week of settling in the shade by always keeping the humidity and the occasional stirring (reversed).
Mix the finely ground (sifted) 2 parts / 2 buckets (volume 10 lt), mature manure that has been finely sifted as much as 1 part / 1 bucket, TSP (± 50 g) dissolved in 2 cap POC NASA, and the Natural GLIO already bred in the manure 1-2 kg. Insert the media into a polybag seedling size up to 8x10 cm filled to 90%.

3.1.2. Seeding techniques and maintenance Seeds
Soak the seeds in 1 quart warm water temperature 20-250C + 1 cap NASA POC for 8-12 hours and then brooded + 48 hours. Furthermore, sowing in polybags, as deep as 1 to 1.5 cm. Seeds sown in an upright position and the tip facing down roots candidate. Seeds covered with husk ash and soil mixture with a ratio of 2:1. The bag is placed nursery rows to full sunlight from sunrise to sink. Given a transparent plastic protection which one end is open.
Spray POC NASA to spur the development of seeds, seedlings at the age of 7-9 days with a dose of 1.0 to 1.5 cc / liter. Watering is done carefully regularly every morning.
Melon seeds 4-5 in leaf blade or melon plants 10-12 days old may dipindahtanamkan by plastic bags polybags carefully opened and seeds together with the land planted in beds that have been drilled before, raised bed should not be short of water.

3.2. Media Processing Plant
3.2.1. Land Opening
Before the first hijacked flooded overnight, then the next day to do piracy with a depth of about 30 cm. Once it is done drying, the new refined.

3.2.2. Establishment of beds
The maximum bed length of 12-15 m height beds 30-50 cm wide bed 100-110 cm and 55-65 cm wide moat.

3.2.3. Liming
The use of lime per 1000 m2 at a pH of 4-5 is required 150-200 kg of ground dolomite, to between pH 5-6 is required 75-150 kg of dolomite and pH> 6 is needed as much as 50 kg of dolomite.

3.2.4. Fertilizing Basics

Fertilizer
Cage
(Tonnes / ha)
Fertilizer dose Macro
(G / tree)
NASA POC Dose

Urea
SP36
KCl

4-5
12
20
8
30-60 cap / 1000 m2
+ Enough water (pour)


The results will be better if the basic fertilization, NASA replaced SUPER NASA POC that has been mixed water evenly over the beds with a dose of 1-2 m2 botol/1000 by:
Alternative 1: 1 bottle SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of mother liquor was to flush the bed.
Alternative 2: every one yells vol 10 lt given 1 tablespoon pressed NASA to flush SUPER + 10-meter bed.

3.2.5. Providing Natural GLIO
To prevent disease due to fungal wilt diseases, especially, should scatter Natural GLIO that had been prepared before seeding. Dose of 1-2 packs per 1000 m2

3.2.6. Installation of Plastic Mulch Black-Silver (PHP)
Installation of mulch should be during the hot sun in order to be able to expand so that the mulch beds with proper cover. Leave the mulch covered beds made 3-5 days prior to the planting hole.

3.3. Planting techniques
3.3.1. Preparation of Planting Holes
+ 10 cm diameter holes, hole distance of 60-80 cm. The model can be planting two rows facing each other form a quadrilateral or triangle.

3.3.2. Planting Method
Seedlings ready for planting was transferred along with the medium. Try not to damage plant roots while ripping polybags.

3.4. Plant Maintenance
3.4.1. Stitching
Stitching done 3-5 days after planting. When finished stitching the new plant should be drenched with water. Replanting should be done the afternoon
3.4.2. Weeding
Weeding done to clear weeds / weeds.
3.4.3. Perempelan>
Perempelan made to the bud / branch water is not the main branch.
3.4.4. Fertilization
Time
Macro Fertilizer Dose (g / tree)

Urea
SP-36
KCl

Age 10 days
12
12
10

Age 20 days
12
12
10

Age 30 days
12
8
12

Age 40 days
12
8
20

NASA POC:
(Per ha)
From age 1 week - 6 or 7 weeks
NASA POC sprayed onto plants:
Alternative 1: 6-7 times (1-week intervals) with 4 doses of cap bottle / tank
Alternative 2: 4 times (interval 2 weeks) with a dose of 6 bottle cap / tank


3.4.5. Use of HORMONIK
HORMONIK Dose: 1-2 cc / lt of water or 1-2 + 3-5 HORMONIK close the lid of each tank of spray NASA POC. Spraying HORMONIK ranging in age from 3-11 weeks, the interval of 7 days.

3.4.6. Sprinkling
Watering from the plant growth, to be plucked fruit unless it rains. When watering not to wet the leaves and spray water from ground water not affected leaves and fruit. Watering is done early in the morning.

3.4.7. Other Maintenance
a. Installation of marker
Marker installed after removing seed-sulurnya tendrils. High stakes + 150-200 cm. Marker is made of strong materials that can withstand the load of fruit + 2-3 kg. Place marker ditancapkannya + 25 cm from the edge guludan both right and left. To be more robust marker can add a long bamboo shoots placed in the triangle between the bamboo or wooden crosses, following the line of marker-marker behind.
b. Pruning
Prune the plant melons aims to maintain in accordance with the desired branch. Plant height was made on average between points to 20 to the 25th (the segment, a branch or a book of the plants). Prune if sunny and dry air, so the scars do not attack the fungus. When pruning is done every 10 days, the earliest cut is the branch that is close to the ground and leaving two leaves and branches that grow trimmed, leaving 2 leaves. Trimming is stopped, if the height of the plants had reached the branch to the 20 or 25.

3.5. Pests and Diseases
3.5.1. Pest
a. Louse Aphis (Aphis gossypii Glover)
Characteristics: sap has a fluid containing honey and viewed from a distance shiny. Young Aphis yellow, while the adults have wings and somewhat blackish in color. Symptoms: leaf roll plants, crop tops become dry due to the fluid leaves smoked pests. Control: (1) weeds are always cleaned in order not to be a host of pests, (2) spray PESTONA or Natural BVR.

b. Thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny)
Characteristics: strike when the nursery phase to mature plants. Yellowish nymphs and adults blackish brown. The attack carried out in the dry season. Symptoms: young leaves or new shoots become curly, and yellowish spots; curling and stunted plants and fruit can not form normally. These symptoms to watch out for having contracted the virus that brought pest thrips. Control: spray with PESTONA or Natural BVR.

3.5.2. Disease
a. Bacterial Wilt
Cause: bacteria Erwina tracheiphila E.F.Sm. This disease can be spread by intermediate-oteng oteng leaf beetle (Aulacophora femoralis Motschulsky). Symptoms: The leaves and withered branches, shrinkage occurs in the leaves, the color of the leaves turn yellow, dry out and eventually die; leaves wilted plants one by one, even though the color is still green. If the plant stem is cut crosswise will issue a white thick and sticky mucus can be stretched like a thread even. Control: the use of Natural GLIO before planting.
b. Base of Stem Rot Disease (gummy stem bligt)
Cause: Fungus Mycophaerekka melonis (Passerini) Chiu et Walker. Symptoms: The base of the stem like a submerged oil and mucus came out red-brown color and then the plants withered and dead leaves that are attacked will dry up. Control: (1) the use of PHP in order to prevent moisture mulch around the base of the stem and prevent injuries in the roots and base of the stem as weeding, (2) cleaned the infected leaves. (3) use the Natural GLIO before planting as a precaution.

Note: If the pest and disease control by using natural pesticides can not cope with the recommended use of chemical pesticides. In order for the spraying of chemical pesticides is more evenly distributed and not easily lost by rainwater add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, dose + 5 ml (1 / 2 cap) / tank.

3.5.3. Weeds
Weeds (plants bullies) hurt the plants, because of competing nutrients, a place to grow and light. Revocation of weeds should be done since the plants are still small, because if it would damage the roots of melon plants.

3.6. Harvest
3.6.1. Characteristics and Harvest
a. Signs / Feature Appearance Plants Ready to Harvest
1. Fruit size in accordance with the normal size
2. Nets / Net on a very real fruit leather / rough
3. Yellowish-green skin color.
b. Harvest + 3 months after planting.
c. Harvesting is a good time in the morning.

3.6.2. How to Harvest
a. Cut the stem of a melon with a knife, reserving at least 2.0 cm to extend the shelf life of fruit.
b. Stalk-shaped cut the letter "T", meaning that the fruit stalk intact.
c. Harvesting is done in stages, with emphasis on fruits that have actually been ready for harvest.
d. Fruit has been harvested sorted. Fruit damage due to knock / other physical disability, should be avoided because it will reduce the selling price.

3.6.3. Storage
Melon should not be stacked, which have not been transported stored in a warehouse. Coated fruit neatly with dry straw. Storage place should be clean and dry.